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Scientific
Classification:
- Kingdom:
Plantae
- Clade:
Angiosperms
- Order:
Myrtales
- Family:
Combretaceae
- Genus:
Terminalia
- Species:
T. ivorensis
Synonyms:
- Terminalia
ivorensis A. Chev.
Species ID:
NMP-295,NCBI_Taxonomy ID: 578550,wfo-0000408726 Common Names:
Ivory Coast
almond,[ Satinwood, idigbo, black afara, framire and emeri Local Names:
Awunshin
(Igbo), Afara dudu (Yoruba), Baushe (Hausa), Egoyne nebi, Ebi (Edo) Basic Description: Terminalia ivorensis
is a deciduous tree that can reach heights of up to 30 meters. It features a
straight bole with a diameter ranging from 1 to 1.5 meters. The bark is
typically pale to dark brown, smooth in young trees, and becomes scaly with
age. Leaves are simple, alternate, and oblong, measuring approximately 10–20 cm
in length. The tree produces small, white to yellowish flowers arranged in
spikes, leading to the formation of winged fruits. Distribution and
Habitat: Terminalia ivorensis
is indigenous to West Africa, with its range extending from Sierra Leone to
Ghana, including Nigeria. It thrives in moist semi-deciduous forests and is
commonly found in well-drained soils. The species prefers areas with annual
rainfall between 1,200 to 2,500 mm and temperatures ranging from 24°C to 28°C. Medicinal Properties: Terminalia ivorensis
has been utilized in traditional medicine for various therapeutic purposes:
- Antibacterial
Activity:
- Extracts from the stem bark have
demonstrated antibacterial properties against several pathogens,
including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This
activity is attributed to bioactive compounds such as tannins and
flavonoids.
- Anti-inflammatory
and Anti-arthritic Effects:
- Studies indicate that the bark
extract exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic
properties, reducing carrageenan-induced paw edema and adjuvant-induced
arthritis in animal models.
- Antioxidant
Properties:
- The plant contains compounds with
notable antioxidant activities, which help in scavenging free radicals
and protecting against oxidative stress-related damage.
- Anticancer
Potential:
- Research has shown that extracts
of T. ivorensis possess cytotoxic effects against certain cancer
cell lines, suggesting potential as an anticancer agent.
- Hepatoprotective
and Nephroprotective Effects:
- The ethanolic stem bark extract has
been reported to protect against liver and kidney damage, indicating its
use in managing hepatic and renal disorders.
Known Toxicity: While Terminalia ivorensis is
valued for its medicinal properties, certain precautions are necessary:
- Wood
Dust Exposure:
- Exposure to the wood dust of T.
ivorensis may cause skin and respiratory irritation. Proper
protective measures are recommended during handling.
- Acute
Toxicity:
- Acute toxicity studies indicate
that certain extracts may exhibit moderate toxicity at high doses.
Therefore, appropriate dosing and consultation with healthcare
professionals are advised.
Additional
Information: Beyond its medicinal applications, Terminalia
ivorensis is economically significant:
- Timber
Use:
- The wood, known as "Idigbo,"
is utilized in construction, furniture making, and veneer production due
to its favorable working properties.
- Conservation
Status:
- Overexploitation for timber has
led to concerns about its sustainability. Conservation efforts are
essential to ensure the species' longevity.
References:
- Babatunde,
B. S., Idowu, P. A., Aderibigbe, A. O., & Adekola, Y. (2023).
Isolation of an Antibacterial Principle from Terminalia ivorensis
Chev. Stem Bark. West African Journal of Pharmacy, 34(2), 123–130.
- PROTA4U.
(n.d.). Terminalia ivorensis. Retrieved from
https://prota.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Terminalia+ivorensis
- Moomin,
A., & Addo, P. (2021). Terminalia ivorensis and human health:
The impact of Terminalia ivorensis on human health. Robert
Gordon University. Retrieved from
https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1603191/MOOMIN%202021%20Terminalia%20ivorensis%20and%20human%20health.pdf
External Links - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_ivorensis
- https://forestcenter.iita.org/index.php/2019/07/23/terminalia-ivorensis/
- https://apps.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Terminalia_ivorensis.PDF
- https://prota.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Terminalia%20ivorensis
- https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1079/cabicompendium.53158
- https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Terminalia+ivorensis
- https://www.gbif.org/species/3189389
- https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/426805-Terminalia-ivorensis
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