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Cumene, also known as isopropylbenzene, is a chemical compound that exhibits a clear, colorless appearance and emits a distinctive aromatic scent. It is characterized by a flash point of 115 °F and is notable for being less dense than water while remaining insoluble in it. Its vapors, denser than air, can pose moderate toxic risks through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Chemically, cumene is classified as an alkylbenzene, distinguished by the presence of an isopropyl group attached to a benzene ring. This compound finds extensive use across various petroleum-based products. Short-term exposure to cumene through inhalation can lead to symptoms like headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, mild coordination impairment, and in extreme cases, unconsciousness in humans. Additionally, cumene is known for its significant depressant effects on the central nervous system (CNS) in animals, characterized by a gradual onset and prolonged duration of narcotic impact. Furthermore, cumene has been identified as an irritant to both skin and eyes. While there is limited data on the long-term, reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of cumene in humans, animal studies have highlighted potential health impacts, including increased liver, kidney, and adrenal weights following inhalation exposure. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has categorized cumene in Group D, indicating that its potential as a human carcinogen remains unclassified. In its industrial application, nearly all produced cumene is utilized as a precursor in the cumene process, where it is converted into cumene hydroperoxide. This intermediate is critical for synthesizing other important industrial chemicals, particularly phenol and acetone. As a component of both crude oil and refined fuels, cumene is a flammable liquid, boiling at 152 °C, and plays a vital role in the chemical industry.

GHS Hazard Statements

• H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

• H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]

• H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

• H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]

• H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

Chemical and Physical Properties

Computed Properties

Source: PubChem